How To Become A Physical Therapist
Physical therapists (PTs) are health care professionals who diagnose and treat individuals of all ages with medical problems or other health-related conditions that limit their abilities to move and perform functional activities in their daily lives. PTs use a variety of techniques to promote the ability to move, reduce pain, restore function, and prevent disability.
They also work with individuals to prevent the loss of mobility before it occurs by developing fitness- and wellness-oriented programs for healthier and more active lifestyles.
- Education Requirements
- Earn a Bachelor’s Degree in a health-related field
- Complete a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) program
- Licensing
- Pass the National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE)
- Meet additional state-specific requirements
- Continued Education and Specialization
- Engage in ongoing learning to maintain licensure
- Consider specialization in areas such as orthopedics, pediatrics, or sports physical therapy
| Step | Description | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Bachelor’s Degree | Pre-requisite undergraduate education | 4 years |
| 2. Doctor of Physical Therapy | Graduate program focusing on physical therapy | 3 years |
| 3. Licensure | Passing the NPTE and fulfilling state requirements | Varies |
| 4. Continued Education | Ongoing learning and potential specialization | Ongoing |
Educational Requirements
To become a physical therapist, you must first obtain a bachelor’s degree in a relevant field. Although there is no specific major required, coursework often includes biology, chemistry, physics, social science, mathematics, and statistics. Following your undergraduate education, you will need to enroll in a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) program, which typically takes three years to complete. Accreditation of the DPT program by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE) is crucial for licensure.
Admission to a DPT Program
Gaining admission to a DPT program can be competitive. Applicants generally need to have a strong GPA, particularly in prerequisite courses. Additionally, many programs require volunteer or paid work experience in a physical therapy setting. You will also need to pass the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and provide letters of recommendation. It’s important to research the specific requirements of each program to which you plan to apply.
Licensure Requirements
After completing a DPT program, you must obtain a license to practice as a physical therapist. Licensure requirements vary by state but generally include passing the National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE). Some states may have additional requirements, such as jurisprudence exams or continuing education. Keeping up with these requirements is essential for maintaining your license throughout your career.
Clinical Experience and Residency
Clinical experience is a significant component of your DPT education. During clinical rotations, you will work under the supervision of experienced PTs to gain hands-on experience in various settings, such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, and rehabilitation centers. After graduation, some choose to enter a residency program to specialize in areas such as orthopedics, neurology, or pediatrics. Residency programs typically last one year and provide intensive on-the-job training.
Specialization and Certification
After gaining experience, you may decide to specialize in a particular area of physical therapy. The American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties (ABPTS) offers certification in several areas, including cardiovascular and pulmonary, clinical electrophysiology, geriatrics, neurology, orthopedics, pediatrics, sports, and women’s health. To become board certified, PTs must complete additional training and pass a specialty certification exam.
Continuing Education and Professional Development
Physical therapy is a dynamic profession with constantly evolving research and techniques. As a PT, you will need to engage in continuing education to stay up-to-date with the latest advancements in the field. This can include attending workshops, conferences, and seminars, as well as pursuing advanced degrees or additional certifications. Professional development is essential for providing the best care to patients and advancing in your career.
Networking and Professional Associations
Joining professional associations such as the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) can provide numerous benefits, including access to educational resources, networking opportunities, and advocacy for the profession. Networking with other professionals can lead to job opportunities, mentorship, and collaboration. Participation in these associations also demonstrates a commitment to the field and can enhance your professional reputation.
The Job Market and Employment Opportunities
The demand for physical therapists is expected to grow due to the aging population and the increasing prevalence of chronic conditions that require physical therapy services. Opportunities exist in a variety of settings, including hospitals, private practices, outpatient clinics, home health agencies, schools, sports facilities, and more. Staying informed about the job market and being open to different employment opportunities can help you secure a rewarding position in the field.
Building a Successful Career
Building a successful career as a physical therapist involves more than just obtaining the necessary education and licensure. It requires a commitment to lifelong learning, excellent communication skills, empathy, and a passion for helping others. By focusing on patient-centered care, continuing to develop your expertise, and adapting to the changing landscape of healthcare, you can enjoy a fulfilling career that makes a positive impact on the lives of your patients.